Common goldfish are a type of goldfish with no other modifications from their ancestor, the Prussian carp, other than their color. Most varieties of fancy goldfish were derived from this simple breed. Common goldfish come in a variety of colours including red, orange/gold, white, black and yellow or 'lemon' goldfish.

The common goldfish became a popular pet around the world due to their hardy nature. They are hardier than fancy goldfish and are able to live in a variety of conditions ranging from indoor aquariums to outdoor ponds. Common goldfish can withstand fluctuations in water quality and temperature.

They are also easy to breed. If well cared for, common goldfish can live up to 10 years or more in captivity. Common goldfish are social animals who prefer living in groups.

They are able to interact with any fish belonging to the same species. With provision of adequate care and attention, common goldfish can become tame. Once familiar with the face of its owner, swimming towards the fishkeeper during feeding time can be observed and hand-feeding becomes possible.

Small goldfish will normally avoid any form of human contact. However, this fear ceases in a middle-sized and mature goldfish. A full-grown goldfish is more likely to eat directly from the hands of its owner without evident hesitation.

Mature goldfish will also explore their surroundings through nibbling or grazing behavior.

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