The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a mammal of the order Carnivora. It has the widest range of any terrestrial carnivore, being native to Canada, Alaska, almost all of the contiguous United States, Europe, North Africa and almost all of Asia, including Japan. In Ireland and the UK, where there are no longer any other native wild canids, it is referred to simply as "the fox".

It was introduced into Australia in the 19th century. As its name suggests, its fur is predominantly reddish-brown, but there is a naturally occurring grey morph known as the “silver” fox; a strain of domesticated silver fox has been produced from these animals by systematic domestication. Today, the red fox has a range spanning most of North America and Eurasia, southern Australia, and with several populations in North Africa.

In Australia the red fox is an introduced species and a conservation problem. Introduction occurred about 1850, for recreational fox hunting,

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