A wind farm is a group of wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power. Individual turbines are interconnected with a medium voltage (usually 34.5 kV) power collection system and communications network. At a substation, this medium-voltage electrical current is increased in voltage with a transformer for connection to the high voltage transmission system.

A large wind farm may consist of a few dozen to about 100 individual wind turbines, and cover an extended area of hundreds of square miles (square kilometers), but the land between the turbines may be used for agricultural or other purposes. A wind farm may be located off-shore to take advantage of strong winds blowing over the surface of an ocean or lake. A yardstick is used to select locations for wind energy development that is referred to as Wind Power Density (WPD) It is a calculation relating to the effective force of the wind at a particular location, frequently expressed in term of the elevation above ground level over a period of time.

It takes into account velocity and mass. Color coded maps are prepared for a particular area describing, for example, "Mean Annual Power Density, at 50 Meters." The results of the above calculation are used in an index developed by the National Renewable Energy Lab and referred to as "NREL CLASS." The larger the WPD calculation the higher it is rated by class. As a general rule, wind generators are practical if windspeed is 10 mph (16 km/h or 4.5 m/s) or greater.

An ideal location would have a near constant flow of non-turbulent wind throughout the year with a minimum likelihood of sudden powerful bursts of wind. An important factor of turbine siting is also access to local demand or transmission capacity.

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